SUS304J1 is Japanese JIS standard section nickel stainless steel, there is no comparison in China.304J1 is a kind of steel with reduced nickel and copper on the basis of grade 304.The addition of copper reduces the deformation [SCALE STEEL]resistance of the material, so the steel has good performance of deep drawing.

Component Specification
STANDARDS JIS G 4304-2005
GRADE SUS304J1 SUS304
C ≤0.08 ≤0.08
Si ≤1.70 ≤1.00
Mn ≤3.00 ≤2.00[SCALE STEEL]
P ≤0.045 ≤0.045
S ≤0.030 ≤0.030
Ni 6.00~9.00 8.00~10.50
Cr 15.00~18.00 18.00~20.00
Cu 1.00~3.00 --

The performance characteristics of：
(1) More excellent forming [SCALE STEEL]performance than 304 steel, suitable for complex forming and deep processing.
(2) Good aging cracking resistance.
(3) The corrosion resistance is basically equal to that of 304.
(4) Excellent welding performance.
(5) Cold rolled product surface gloss is good, beautiful.
(6) Excellent antibacterial performance, suitable for the occasion of strict hygiene requirements.
(7) The solution state is not magnetic, after cold processing will be slightly magnetic.

Applications：
304 j1 as section 304 of the nickel steel grade, the performance is close to 304, at the same time have a lower cost and[SCALE STEEL] forming ability is more outstanding advantages, so it is relatively low-end USES a good substitute for 304, its wide application in the field of daily life, such as vacuum flask, lunch box, stove, sink, collective to provide facilities, kitchen burning gas, and other household items, etc.

T10 / T10A is a carbon tool steel with an average carbon content of 1%.[SCALE STEEL]

Standards
GB/T  1298-2008 《tool carbon steel》
GB/T  1299-2014[SCALE STEEL] 《tool and mould steel》

Component Specification
GRADE T10 T10A
C 0.95~1.04 0.95~1.04
Si ≤0.35 ≤0.35
Mn ≤0.40 ≤0.40
P ≤0.035[SCALE STEEL] ≤0.030
S ≤0.030 ≤0.020

Critical Point
critical point Ac1 Acm Ar1
T (approximation)/℃ 730 800 700

Coefficient Of Linear Expansion
T℃ coefficient of linear expansion α/×10-6℃
20~100 11.5
20~200 13.0
20~300 14.3
20~400 14.8
20~500 15.1
20~600 16.0
20~700 15.8
20~800 32.1
20~900 32.4[SCALE STEEL]

 Heat Conductivity
T℃ heat conductivityλ/W·(m·k)-1
20 40.20
100 43.96
300 41.03
600 38.10
900 33.91
Hardness
state hardness
 anneal ≤197HBW
hardening heat：760~780℃ ≥62HRC
Coolant: water

Applications：
When quenching and heating (up to 800℃), the fine grain structure of T10 steel can still be maintained.Have not dissolve excess of carbide in steel after quenching and so is of T8 steel with high abrasion resistance, suitable [SCALE STEEL]for cutting edge at work the same hot tools, such as processing wood cutter, hand cross cut saw, sawing machine, hand joinery with fine woodworking saws, twist drill, wire drawing die, die, cold heading die, small size of uniform cold trimming and piercing die and low precision in the shape of a simple card board, fitter scraper, file, etc.

​1RK91 is a super high strength and toughness super martensitic stainless steel developed by Sandvik in Sweden in the early 1990s.The UNS number of 1RK91 is S46910, according to the Chinese naming method, it is [SCALE STEEL]02Cr12Ni9Mo4Cu2TiAl.

Component Specification
STANDARD Sandvik ASTM A959-2009
GRADE 1RK91 S46910
C ≤0.02 ≤0.03
Si ≤0.50 ≤0.70
Mn ≤0.50 ≤1.00
P ≤0.020 ≤0.030
S[SCALE STEEL] ≤0.005 ≤0.015
Cr 12 11.0~13.0
Ni 9 8.0~10.0
Mo 4 3.5~5.0
Cu 2 1.5~3.5
Ti 0.9 0.50~1.20
Al 0.4 0.15~0.50

Alloy Principle
Different from the traditional idea that alloy carbide or nitrite is the main strengthening phase to make steel reach high strength, 1RK91 steel takes Fe-Cr-Ni as matrix, Cu, Mo, Ti and Al as strengthening elements, [SCALE STEEL]and controls C to less than 0.02%.Firstly, the alloying elements are fully dissolved into the matrix through solid solution treatment, and then rapidly cooled to obtain supersaturated lamellar martensite structure of alloying elements.After aging treatment, precipitation hardening phase mainly composed of intermetallic compounds precipitates from martensite matrix, and at the same time, part of martensite is reversed to form reversed austenite.
In 1RK91 steel, intermetallic compound is used as strengthening phase and reversed austenite is used as toughening phase, so that the steel can obtain the best combination of strength and toughness. As an element that has harmful effect on strength and toughness, C is included in the list of controlled existence. [SCALE STEEL]The development of this steel is regarded as a breakthrough of ultra-high strength steel in both theory and practice.

The Performance Characteristics:
(1)Excellent mechanical properties, can achieve very high tensile strength and hardness level.
(2) Corrosion resistance equivalent to 304L or 316L under corresponding conditions.
(3)Maintains mechanical [SCALE STEEL]properties at temperatures up to at least 400°C.
(4) very good relaxation performance.
(5)Good weldability.

Applications：
After solid solution at about 1000℃, 1RK91 steel can be cold-processed into metallurgical products such as bars, plates, steel wires and steel strips. After aging treatment at 450 ~ 475℃, 1RK91 steel still has good plasticity and excellent fracture toughness under high strength condition of 3000MPa.At the same time also has excellent cold processing performance and welding performance, good corrosion resistance and anti aging performance.
Sandvik also conducted a Vitro (cytotoxicity) test to verify that 1RK91 steel does not have any potential cytotoxicity and is [SCALE STEEL]therefore safe to come into contact with human tissue, body fluids or blood, meeting all relevant allergy and skin irritation testing standards.
1RK91 is used to manufacture parts and instruments used in a variety of complex conditions, such as electric razor mesh blades, medical suture needles, surgical blades, drillers, scissors, files, clamps, punches, guides and other surgical and medical instruments.

S-136 is the common name of STAVAX ESR, one of the best-selling products of STAVAX.Why is it called "136"? It is rumored that the material is [SCALE STEEL]expensive, with the price as high as 136 yuan per kilogram.

National Standard
CHINA GB/T 20878-2007 40Cr13（4Cr13）
AMERICA ASTM A276-2017 UNS S42000，420
JAPAN JIS G 4303:2005 SUS 420J2
GERMANY EN 10088-1:2005 X39Cr13，1.4031
ISO 4957-2001[SCALE STEEL] X40Cr14，1.2083

Component Specification
GRADE 40Cr13 420 SUS420J2 1.2083 1.4031
C 0.36~0.45 ≥0.15 0.26~0.40 0.36~0.42 0.36~0.42
Si ≤0.60 ≤1.00 ≤1.00 ≤1.00 ≤1.00
Mn ≤0.80 ≤1.00 ≤1.00 ≤1.00 ≤1.00
P ≤0.040 ≤0.040 ≤0.040 ≤0.030 ≤0.040
S ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ≤0.030
Cr 12.00~14.0 12.0~14.0 12.0~14.0 12.5~14.5 12.5~14.5
Ni (≤0.60) —[SCALE STEEL] (≤0.60) -- --

Commercial Brand
ASSAB STAVAX  ESR（S-136）
BÖHLER M310
Daido S-STAR
Hitachi HPM38
Koshuha KSP1
Aubert  & Duval X13T6
Kind  & Co RF

Material Performance：
S-136 is a martensitic stainless steel, after electroslag remelting, the content of sulfur and non-metallic inclusions in the steel is [SCALE STEEL]very low, the material has a series of excellent properties:
(1) excellent corrosion resistance
(2) excellent polishing
(3) Excellent wear resistance
(4) Good machining stability
(5) the dimensional stability of heat treatment

Applications：
S-136 is the best choice for the production of small and medium-sized plastic molds.By proper heat treatment, the hardness can reach HRC50~52, and the performance is further improved.Due to its excellent polishing[SCALE STEEL] and etching properties, it is especially suitable for the production of mirror molds and other optical products, such as parts on cameras and eyeglasses.

P280GH in European standard EN 10222-2017 "pressure steel forgings - part 2: have a certain high temperature performance of ferrite and martensite steel", its composition and performance in JB 4726-2000 the pressure vessel [SCALE STEEL]with carbon steel and low alloy steel forgings of 16 mn is similar, also with our country GB - 2009-24512.1 the nuclear power plant in seamless steel tube part 1: carbon steel seamless steel tube, HD280, HD280Cr of similar.

Component Specification（EN 10222-2-2017）（similarly hereinafter）
C 0.08~0.20 Cr ≤0.30 Ti ≤0.03
Si ≤0.40 Cu ≤0.30 V ≤0.02
Mn 0.90~1.50 Mo ≤0.08 Cr+Cu+Mo+Ni ≤0.70
P ≤0.025 Nb ≤0.01 carbon equivalent ≤0.45
S ≤0.015 Ni ≤0.30 [SCALE STEEL]

Heat Treatment
name code technology
normalizing[SCALE STEEL] N 880~920℃，air cooling
Normal + tempering NT 880~920℃，air cooling、oil cooling、water-cooling
600~640℃，air cooling、furnace cooling
Quenching + tempering QT
 
Room-Temperature Mechanical Property 
SIZE tR≤35 35＜tR≤160
yield strength ReH(MPa) ≥280 ≥255
strength of extension
Rm(MPa) 460~580[SCALE STEEL]
percentage elongation after fracture  A% l ≥23
tr/t ≥21
ballistic work J l ≥48
tr/t ≥27

Strong Non - Proportional Extension of Requirements for High Temperature Environments Rp0.2(MPa)
SIZE tR≤50 50＜tR≤160
T 100℃[SCALE STEEL] ≥250 ≥210
150℃ ≥235 ≥200
200℃ ≥225 ≥195
250℃ ≥205 ≥185
300℃ ≥185 ≥170
350℃ ≥170 ≥155
400℃ ≥155 ≥135

Applications：
P280GH is a kind of carbon steel with specified high temperature characteristics, and has good impact toughness and welding performance.Its use is similar to 16Mn, such as shell and tube heat exchanger carbon steel tube plate, flange, etc.The important use of P280GH is in the field of nuclear power, in the nuclear [SCALE STEEL]power components are mainly used as steam generator main steam system, water supply control system, auxiliary water supply system of rolling pipe fittings or forged pipe fittings, or steam generator main steam system forging or die forging elbow.

Nitronic®60, also known as N60 or Alloy218, is a high wear resistance austenitic stainless steel with a density of 8.0g/cm3.Nitronic is a registered [SCALE STEEL]trademark of AK Steel, USA;218 refers to its UNS code S21800.

Component Specification（ASTM A276-2010）
C Cr Ni N
≤0.10 16.0~18.0 8.0~9.0 0.08~0.18
Si Mn P S
3.5~4.5 7.0~9.0 ≤0.060[SCALE STEEL] ≤0.030

The Performance Characteristics：
(1) Keep excellent wear resistance in gradient rising temperature, 4% Si content and 8% Mn content can effectively inhibit wear and surface erosion.
(2) It can maintain[SCALE STEEL] good strength and oxidation resistance similar to 309 stainless steel below 982℃.
(3)The general corrosion resistance between 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel, resistance to chloride pitting ability is better than 316.
(4) The yield strength [SCALE STEEL]at room temperature is almost twice that of type 304 and type 316.
Applications：
Nitronic®60 stainless steels are resistant to corrosion and wear at a significantly lower cost than cobalt-containing and high-nickel alloys.At the same time also has excellent resistance to high temperature oxidation [SCALE STEEL]and low temperature impact resistance.Suitable for different types of fasteners, bolts, rolling bearings and pump parts that require high strength and wear resistance.

​Nitronic 50 is a high strength corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel with a density of 7.88g/cm3.Nitronic is a trademark of [SCALE STEEL]AK Steel, USA.

Material Standard
ASTM A276
ASTM A240
ASTM A312
ASTM A314
ASTM A403
ASTM A479
ASTM F1314 S20910，XM-19
ASTM A351[SCALE STEEL]
ASTM A743 CG6MMN，J93790
AK STEEL Nitronic®  50

Component Specification
GRADE S20910 J93790
C ≤0.06 ≤0.06
Si ≤1.00 ≤1.00
Mn 4.0~6.0 4.0~6.0
P ≤0.045 ≤0.040
S ≤0.030[SCALE STEEL] ≤0.030
Ni 11.5~13.5 11.5~13.5
Cr 20.5~23.5 20.5~23.5
Mo 1.5~3.0 1.5~3.0
V 0.1~0.3 0.1~0.3
Nb 0.1~0.3 0.1~0.3
N 0.2~0.4 0.2~0.4

The Performance Characteristics Of：
(1)The corrosion resistance is better than 316L and 317L stainless steel. It can be exposed to the Marine atmosphere for a long time. In the quiet sea water environment, the corrosion resistance performance is slightly better than [SCALE STEEL]Monel 400 alloy.
(2) double the tensile strength of 304 and 316 stainless steel.
(3) It is affected by stress corrosion cracking in hot chloride environment, and its cracking resistance is between [SCALE STEEL]304 and 316.
(4)It still maintains excellent mechanical properties at 629℃.
(5)Good mechanical properties at low temperature, very low permeability.

Applications：
Nitronic 50 has both high corrosion resistance and high strength. It is a highly efficient alloy for petroleum, [SCALE STEEL]chemical, fertilizer, nuclear fuel recovery, pulp and paper making, textile, food processing, Marine and other industries. Typical applications include: sea pump shaft, heat exchanger, pressure vessel, Marine engineering hardware, etc.

NAK80 is a senior mirror plastic die steel developed by Japan Datong Special Steel.10Ni3MnCuUAL is a similar type of steel developed and produced by China's steel mills on the basis of NAK80. It was officially [SCALE STEEL]incorporated into the new national standard in 2014 and named as 1Ni3MnCumoal.

Standards and Ingredients
STANDARDS GB/T 1299-2014 Japan datong
GRADE 1Ni3MnCuMoAl NAK80
C 0.10~0.20 0.05~0.18
Si ≤0.45 0.15~1.0
Mn 1.40~2.00 1.0~2.0
P ≤0.030 --
S ≤0.015[SCALE STEEL] --
Ni 2.90~3.40 2.50~3.50
Al 0.70~1.20 0.50~1.50
Cu 0.80~1.20 0.70~1.50
Mo 0.20~0.50 0.10~0.40

The performance characteristics of：
(1) After solid solution and aging hardening, the hardness reaches 37~43HRC;Uniform hardness of surface and core;Die processing directly put into use, without heat treatment;Low deformation in use can ensure high[SCALE STEEL] precision.
(2)The polishing performance of the mirror is very good, and satisfactory brightness can be obtained.
(3)The discharge machining performance is excellent.Machining surface hardness does not rise, easy to precision[SCALE STEEL] machining;The processed surface is compact and beautiful, which can replace pear skin erosion.
(4) Excellent welding performance.The hardness of the welding place is not increased;After welding, aging treatment will not produce uneven erosion.

Applications：
NAK80 is the representative steel of 40HRC grade prehard plastic die steel.It is often used in the manufacture [SCALE STEEL]of mirror plastic molds with high requirements for appearance quality, and for the production of transparent plastic parts and all plastic products with mirror requirements.

​Monel®400 is a single-phase solid solution nickel-copper alloy with a density of 8.8g/cm3.Monel is a registered trademark [SCALE STEEL]of Special Metals Corporation, Inc.

National Standard
CHINA GB/T 5235-2007 NCu30
AMERICA[SCALE STEEL] ASTM B127-2005
ASTM B164-2003 N04400
Special Metals MONEL® alloy 400
JAPAN JIS H4551:2000 NW4400
GERMANY DIN 17743:2002 2.4360（NiCu30Fe）
2.4361（LC-NiCu30Fe）

Component Specification
GRADE NCu30 2.4360 2.4361 GRADE N04400 NW4400
C ≤0.30 ≤0.15 ≤0.04 C ≤0.30 ≤0.30
Si ≤0.50 ≤0.50 ≤0.30 Si ≤0.50 ≤0.50
Mn ≤2.00 ≤2.00 ≤2.00 Mn ≤2.00 ≤2.00
P ≤0.005 -- -- P -- --
S ≤0.024 ≤0.020 ≤0.020 S ≤0.024 ≤0.025
Ni+Co ≥63.0 ≥63.0 ≥63.0 Ni ≥63.00 ≥63.00
Cu 28.0~34.0 28.0~34.0 28.0~34.0 Cu 28.0~34.0 28.0~34.0
Fe ≤2.50 1.0~2.5 1.0~2.5 Fe ≤2.5 ≤2.5
Al —[SCALE STEEL] ≤0.50 ≤0.50 Al -- --
Ti -- ≤0.30 ≤0.30 Ti -- --

Material Characteristics：
(1) It has excellent tolerance to neutral salt and alkaline salt, and has long been the standard material for salt production [SCALE STEEL]system.
(2) It has excellent corrosion resistance in hydrofluoric acid and fluorine gas media, and is one of the few materials that can[SCALE STEEL] be in contact with fluorine, hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen fluoride or their compounds. 
(3) Poor performance in highly oxidizing acids such as nitric or nitrous acid.In this environment, high chromium stainless steel should be considered.
(4) in sea water than copper alloy more corrosion resistance.
(5)The maximum temperature of continuous work in the air is generally about 600℃, and the corrosion speed is less [SCALE STEEL]than 0.026mm/ A in high temperature steam.
(6) According to the German VDTUV material table, can be used as a pressure vessel at -10~425℃;In the ASME[SCALE STEEL] Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the maximum temperature is 480 ° C.
(7)The strength in the annealing state is very low, can be improved by tempering treatment strength.
(8)Good processing and welding performance.
Applications：
MONEL400 alloy is a corrosion resistant alloy with excellent comprehensive properties. In fluorine, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and their derivatives, the alloy has excellent corrosion resistance.The alloy is widely used in Marine, chemical and other fields. Typical applications include: pumps and propeller shafts;Marine fittings and fasteners;Chemical equipment;Gasoline and fresh water tanks;Crude oil distiller;Processing vessels and pipes;Boiler feed water heater;The heat exchanger.

14C28N is a martensitic stainless chrome steel developed and produced by Sandvik Materials Technology (Sweden). It has a chemical composition optimized[SCALE STEEL] for high quality professional tool applications.The density of 14C28N material is 7.7 g/cm3.

Chemical Composition(%)
C Si Mn P≤ S≤ Cr N
0.62 0.2 0.6 0.025[SCALE STEEL] 0.010 14 0.11

Mechanical Property
STATE STRENGTH OF EXTENSION HARDNESS
MPa HV HRB
SOFT ANNEALING ≤700 ≤215[SCALE STEEL] ≤94.3
ANNEAL 750±100 235±35 97.4±6
COLD ROLLING 700~1100 215~345 94.3~108.7

Material Characteristics:
(1) excellent performance of the blade.
(2) After heat treatment,[SCALE STEEL] it has a very high hardness (recommended hardness 55-62 HRC).
(3)Good corrosion resistance.

Applications:
Sandvik 14C28N is ideal for applications where edge sharpness, stability and corrosion resistance are critical, such as kitchen [SCALE STEEL]knives, pocketknives, hunting knives and fish knives.Made of the blade easy to sharpen, good stability, not easy to break, fold or roll the blade.